PSG has now claimed the season-opening cup on 14 different occasions.
Paris Saint-Germain required a stoppage-time leveler followed by a perfect penalty shootout to get past their arch-rivals in the Gulf and secure a fourth straight Trophee des Champions victory.
The European champions seemed to be coasting towards a comfortable triumph in the showdown between the Ligue 1 champions and the Coupe de France winners after the French winger found the net early on.
Yet, Marseille fired two times late to seize a shock advantage. First, the English forward converted from the spot-kick, before the defender inadvertently directed the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a breathtaking turn of events, Goncalo Ramos grabbed a crucial equaliser in the final seconds to force the match into a deciding shootout. PSG goalkeeper Lucas Chevalier then emerged as the hero, saving crucial attempts from O'Riley and Traore.
In the shootout, Goncalo Ramos, Vitinha, Nuno Mendes, and the young talent all scored successfully for PSG to complete a convincing penalty win.
Now 14-time winners Paris Saint-Germain, who met last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Olympique de Marseille after achieving a league and cup double, have now won this trophy for the twelfth time in the last 13 years.